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Vol. 102. Issue 1.
Pages 48-52 (January - February 2011)
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Vol. 102. Issue 1.
Pages 48-52 (January - February 2011)
Original article
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Effectiveness of Primary Care Physicians and Dermatologists in the Diagnosis of Skin Cancer: a Comparative Study in the Same Geographic Area
Estudio comparativo de la habilidad en el diagnóstico clínico del cáncer cutáneo entre el médico de familia y el dermatólogo en una misma área geográfica
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R.M. Ojeda
Corresponding author
rosam.ojeda@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, J. Graells
Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Comarcal de Sant Boi de Llobregat, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
Background

Skin cancer is the most common malignant tumor in white individuals. Early diagnosis and treatment are key factors in reducing morbidity. We performed a prospective observational study throughout 2008 to assess the ability of primary care physicians to diagnose nonmelanoma skin cancer.

Methods

The study was undertaken in a single geographic area corresponding to the region served by a primary health care center. Patients who were referred to a dermatologist were included if the primary care physician indicated skin cancer in the differential diagnosis on the referral form. Patients were also included if the dermatologist suspected skin cancer even if the referral from primary care had not indicated it.

Results

Primary care physicians had a sensitivity of 0.45 and a specificity of 0.16 for the diagnosis of skin cancer, whereas dermatologists had a sensitivity of 0.97 and a specificity of 0.75. The κ statistic as a measure of agreement was –0.56.

Conclusions

The ability of primary care physicians to diagnose skin cancer was appreciably lower than that of dermatologists. This may result in substantial delays in the provision of appropriate care for patients with skin cancer considering the role played by primary care physicians in screening for the disease in the Spanish national health system.

Keywords:
Primary care
Family doctors
Diagnostic agreement
Nonmelanoma skin cancer
Resumen
Introducción

El cáncer cutáneo es la neoplasia maligna más frecuente en la población de raza blanca. El diagnóstico y tratamiento precoces son claves para disminuir su morbilidad. Hemos realizado un estudio prospectivo observacional a lo largo del año 2008 para valorar la capacidad del médico de familia (MF) en el diagnóstico clínico del cáncer cutáneo no melanoma.

Métodos

Se han incluido los pacientes de una única área geográfica remitidos desde el área básica de salud (ABS) al dermatólogo, en cuyo volante de derivación el MF sugirió cáncer cutáneo en el diagnóstico diferencial. También se incluyeron todos aquellos pacientes remitidos por el MF sin sospecha de cáncer cutáneo no melanoma en los que el dermatólogo (D) sí sospechó cáncer.

Resultados

El MF obtuvo una sensibilidad (S) del 0,45 y una especificidad (E) del 0,16 en el diagnóstico del cáncer cutáneo, mientras que en el caso del D aquellas fueron del 0,97 y 0,75 respectivamente. El índice de concordancia Kappa fue de −0,56.

Conclusiones

El MF mostró habilidades sensiblemente inferiores a las del D en el diagnóstico clínico del cáncer cutáneo. Esta circunstancia puede implicar retrasos importantes en el adecuado manejo terapéutico de esta patología, teniendo en cuenta su papel de cribado en el Sistema Nacional de Salud.

Palabras clave:
Atención primaria
Médicos de familia
Concordancia diagnóstica
Cáncer cutáneo no melanoma
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Copyright © 2011. Academia Española de Dermatología y Venereología and Elsevier España, S.L.
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